Industry
Tourism: This is a very important sector in the economy of Colombia. There are many attractions for tourists, from the Amazon, the Andean regions, the Llanos, volcanoes, waterfalls, the Caribbean and Pacific coasts, the deserts of La Guajira (Ecotourism), to Bogota's museums, urban renovations, and entertainment facilities; Colombia has it all.
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP in 2014 was COP12,863.4n (7.4% of GDP). (World Travel & Tourism Council. & Tourism Economic Impact 2014: Colombia)
Mining: Colombia is the 2nd largest producer of gold and the most important producer of coal in Latin America, plus, Colombia produces more than 90% of the world's emeralds.
Financial Services: the banking sector is headed by the Bank of the Republic, which functions as the central bank. There are approx. 1,700 companies devoted to financial services, of which 37 are established banks, 30 are investment companies, nearly 70 stock and bond brokers, and there are 17 long-term and development financial institutions.
Transportation: transportation has become over the years an activity of increasing importance, attaining 8.8 percent of GDP by 1997. According to the Asociación Nacional de Instituciones Financieras (ANIF), the transport of cargo and passengers by land represents 76 percent of revenues in the sector, while air transportation accounts for 10 percent, and maritime only 3.3 percent.
(Ocampo, José Antonio, editor. Historia Económica de Colombia .Bogotá: Presidencia de la República, Imprenta nacional, 1997.)
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